EVALUATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF GEOGRIDS IN THE NON-RIGID PAVEMENT STRUCTURE
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T.A. Zinnurov – Ph. D. (Tech.),
Associate Professor,
Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering (KSUAE), Kazan, Russia
T.S. Khafizov – Deputy Head of the «Volgo-Vyatskupravtodor» Federal Treasury Institution, Kazan, Russia - Abstract: The pavement structure is a highly technical, performance and expensive component of the road, as it is constantly subjected to vehicle high loading. Modern studies of domestic and foreign scientists have proved the validity of the use of geosynthetic materials in order to pavement structures strengthening. However, the existing methods for designing pavements with geogrid reinforcement don’t allow to optimize technical solutions and therefore their improvement is required. The paper proposes an analytical and graphical method for analyzing the calculation results in order to obtain optimal structural solutions. Based on the research results, the level of economic efficiency of introducing a geogrid into a pavement for each category of roads has been determined.
- Keywords: Geosynthetic materials, geogrid, strength, pavement, reinforcement, road category, pseudoplate.
- UDC: 625.8
- File: Download
ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF ROAD SERVICES ON OPERATED ROADS
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T.A. Zinnurov – Ph. D. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Kazan State University
of Architecture and Engineering (KSUAE), Kazan, Russia
A.G. Galeev – Deputy Head of the
«Volgo-Vyatskupravtodor» Federal Treasury Institution, Kazan, Russia - Abstract: Road service facilities form the transport infrastructure, increasing the comfort and safety of movement on the road. According to current legal framework in the Russian Federation, the following should be located on roads at a certain interval: rest areas, food outlets, hotels, gas stations, service stations, etc. In modern conditions of social development, many investors are trying to group services into multifunctional road service complexes. It is noted that this position is in good agreement with existing requirements, but there is a need for improving the assessment of the placement of road service facilities. It is proposed a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the placement of road service facilities on an operating road, which will help to organize an opinion about the correctness of the location of service facilities on the road in question, but also establish the correct vector for the further development of transport infrastructure.
- Keywords: Road service, multifunctional complex, service object, road, recreation area.
- UDC: 656.13.016.086.15
- File: Download
STUDY OF LONGITUDINAL STABILITY OF AIRFIELD PAVEMENT SLABS
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V.A. Popov – Ph. D. (Tech.),
FAI «ROSDORNII», Moscow, Russia
I.V. Demianyshko – Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Moscow Automobile state technical university (MADI), Moscow, Russia
A.A. Averkiev – Head of the Airport Operations Department, the Federal Air Transport Agency (Rosaviatsia), Moscow, Russia - Abstract: The article deals with the scientific analysis of loss of longitudinal stability of cement concrete airfield pavements based on systematic field observations and computer modeling using the finite element method. Practical recommendations for detecting signs of possible curling of airfield pavement slabs and taking appropriate preventive measures are given.
- Keywords: Rigid airfield pavements, longitudinal stability of slabs, curling of pavements, finite element method.
- UDC: 624.21(470.61)
- File: Download
FINITE ELEMENT ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF ADHESION BETWEEN ASPHALT CONCRETE LAYERS ON THE STRENGTH OF THE UPPER LAYERS OF ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
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I.V. Demyanushko – Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
V.M. Stain – Ph. D. (Tech.), Professor, Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
A.V. Stain – Ph. D. (Tech.), Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
A.E. Simchuk – Master’s student, Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia - Abstract: The article uses the finite element method to assess the effect of adhesion forces between asphalt concrete layers on the strength of the upper layers of asphalt concrete pavement, which, unlike the methodology proposed in existing regulatory documents, allows us to study the influence of adhesion forces over the entire range of their change from complete gluing to complete slippage. In many works devoted to the study of the work of asphalt concrete road surfaces, it is noted that most of the damage to the upper layers of asphalt concrete pavement such as cracking, rutting, staining, potholes, breaks, etc. occurs due to insufficient adhesion between layers of asphalt concrete. In Russia, until now, when determining the stress-strain state of road surfaces, a solution is used only for a two-layer space. The use of simplified methods for calculating the stress-strain state can lead to both insufficient strength of the calculated structures and excessive safety margin. When creating new regulatory documents in Russia, it was proposed to use the solution of the axisymmetric problem of elasticity theory for a multilayer space to determine the stress-strain state of asphalt concrete pavement. Despite the obvious advantages of the new regulatory documents, it should be noted that these documents consider only the limit values of contact between the layers of the structure – either complete gluing or free slip. However, in reality, incomplete adhesion occurs between the layers, the magnitude of which can greatly affect the stress-strain state of the multilayer space.
- Keywords: Asphalt concrete, calculation of the stress-strain state, adhesion between layers, finite element method, model of the adhesion zone.
- UDC: 691.168:625.855.3
- File: Download
INVESTIGATION OF THE CAUSES OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN THE AREAS OF INTERFACES WITH THE EMBANKMENT OF BRIDGE STRUCTURES IN THE ROSTOV REGION
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A.Yu. Prokopov – Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Don State Technical University (DSTU),Rostov-on-Don, Russia
V.E. Nikolaevsky – Ph. D. in Military Sciences, Associate Professor, Russian university of transport (RUT (MIIT)), Moscow, Russia
D.A. Nikolenko – Ph. D. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
V.S. Schreiner – Postgraduate Student, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia - Abstract: The article touches upon the problem of damages formation in the approach sections and in the interactions of the embankment and the bridge constructions. The statistical analysis of the results of 84 Rostov Region bridge constructions examination, specifying in bridges types (bridges and overpasses) and their length (short, medium and long) has been performed. Specific damages in the interactions between the bridges and the embankment have been identified and systematized, among others: asphalt concrete pavement roughness; slumps and dips in front of a bridge at the interface with the embankment; embankment scourings at the interface with the bridge at the piers; soil settlements of the cone support with the denudation of bridge piles. The major factors influencing local and general strains in the roadbed in the approach sections have been analyzed. A classification of causes of damages occurrence and accumulation is developed. A system of measures aimed at improving operation conditions of the interaction sections between bridges and embankments is proposed. The article has been prepared as a part of the scientific thesis by V.S. Shreiner, a post-graduate student.
- Keywords: Local settlements, bridge, interactions between bridge and embankment, engineering structures, damages, roadbed, longitudinal section, abutments, embankment cone stability.
- UDC: 624.21(470.61)
- File: Download
ANALYSIS OF DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR REINFORCED SOIL SYSTEMS OF BRIDGE ABUTMENTS
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V.P. Eremeev – Doctor of Engineering, Professor, «LIRM» LTD, Kazan, Russia
I.K. Matveev – Ph. D. (Tech.), First Deputy Director, FSBI «Rosdortekhnologia», Moscow, Russia
D.V. Eremeev – Master's student, Engineer, JSC «Spetsremproekt», Kazan State Architectural and Construction University, Kazan, Russia - Abstract: The article discusses design and technological solutions of constructed and under construction structures, examples of operation, repair and reconstruction of bridge structures with reinforced soil abutment systems. The main disadvantages and positive aspects of individual design solutions revealed during construction and operation are noted. Characteristic defects and damages of reinforced soil abutment systems are highlighted, and the causes of their appearance are analyzed. Based on construction experience, the essential issues of design, the regulatory framework availability, as well as the works performance are considered. A positive example of the use of such systems is done. Recommendations are given to designers of bridge structures with reinforced soil abutment systems. One of the main conclusions of the article is the necessity to improve the system of surface water drainage and water removal from the reinforced soil mass, as well as from the bridge structure subgrade.
- Keywords: Reinforced soil systems, reinforced soil, bridge abutment, bridge structure, retaining wall, couch-type abutments, abutments with separate functions.
- UDC: 624.21/.8
- File: Download
TO THE CALCULATION OF STEEL PILES OF INTEGRAL BRIDGE ABUTMENTS
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V.I. Popov – Ph. D. (Tech.), Professor, Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
- Abstract: The article presents a method for calculating steel piles for integral abutments, based on considering piles in the form of posts subject to axial forces and bending moments. At the same time the influence of lateral soil pressure, the intensity of which depends on the level of longitudinal movements of the integral abutment influence is taken into account. The method uses dependencies adopted in the current codes of practice for bridges and structures design, as well as those regulated in foreign normative documents. The method allows to select pile sections and perform necessary checks. The calculation results can be used to verify computer calculations of integral bridges.
- Keywords: Integral abutment, steel flexible piles, lateral soil pressure, displacements.
- UDC: 624.21
- File: Download
RESEARCH OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GEOSYNTHETIC MATERIALS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT OF SECANT MODULE
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E.N. Simchuk – Ph. D. (Economics), General Director, ANO «NII TSK»,
Moscow, Russia
D.V. Medvedev – First Deputy General Director, ANO «NII TSK»,
Moscow, Russia - Abstract: This article concerns the research results focused on analyzing the strength properties of geosynthetic materials and their changes during storage, laying, and operating. In doing so, the emphasis is placed on the relevance of measuring the secant modulus at 2 % strain, which is defined as critically important for the calculations of structures using geosynthetic materials in road construction. The need for the development and application of a standardized methodology for selecting and using geosynthetics, based on detailed measurements of their physico-mechanical properties has been established. According to the results of experimental studies of various types of geosynthetic materials, it has been revealed as to how various factors, including ultraviolet radiation, mechanical damage, and frost resistance, can affect the strength characteristics and durability of these materials. It is noted that the secant modulus at 2 % elongation is a reliable indicator for assessing the mechanical properties of geosynthetic materials and their suitable use in road pavement structures. Moreover, due to the absence at the current stage of standardized approaches for evaluating and selecting geosynthetic materials in road construction during the design phase the importance of developing such methodologies to improve the quality and reliability of road structures is highlighted. Practical recommendations for engineers and designers, facilitating the selection of the most suitable materials for specific operational conditions are done.
- Keywords: Geosynthetic materials, secant modulus, road construction, strength properties, material degradation, durability.
- UDC: 625.7/.8
- File: Download
RESEARCHES OF TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DESIGNING WARM ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL TEMPERATURE INTERVALS
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K.A. Zhdanov – Deputy Director
of NII «TSK», Moscow, Russia
E.N. Simchuk – Ph. D. (Economics), General Director of NII «TSK», Moscow, Russia
I.A. Dedkovskiy – Head of Laboratory of NII «TSK», Moscow, Russia
N.V. Bystrov – Ph. D. (Tech.), President of the Association «R.O.S.ASFALT», Moscow, Russia
Yu.I. Kalgin – Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia - Abstract: The article discusses a new approach to determining the temperature ranges for mixing and compacting warm asphalt concrete mixtures, which consists of comparing the volumetric densities of hot asphalt concrete and warm asphalt concrete selected from the same composition. It has been determined that the standard method for determining the temperature ranges of mixing and compaction cannot be applied to warm asphalt concrete mixtures. An algorithm for the design stages of warm asphalt concrete mixtures is presented.
- Keywords: Warm asphalt concrete, warm technologies, mixing and compaction temperature, bulk density, dynamic viscosity.
- UDC: 625.7/.8:006.3/.8:006.354
- File: Download
RESEARCH OF POLYMER CONCRETE WHEN CONSTRUCTING TRANSITION ZONES OF BRIDGE EXPANSION JOINTS
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S.G. Bespalov – Head of the Department for Research of Road Construction Materials, FAI «ROSDORNII», Moscow, Russia
V.L. Martinson – Deputy General Director, FAI «ROSDORNII», Moscow, Russia - Abstract: This article presents an example of laboratory confirmation of the effectiveness of using polymer concrete when constructing transition zones of expansion joints of bridge structures. The material of the seam zone, having higher characteristics than the asphalt concrete pavement, prevents the development of rutting to the metal edging of the expansion joint, prolonging its service life and, as a result, increasing the repair intervals. Such protection of expansion joints is recommended to use on all categories of roads, especially on high volume traffic roads. The solution to this problem can be the developed strong-elastic composition for constructing the seam zone of the expansion joint. A distinctive feature of this composition is the elimination of shock-dynamic effect from transport wheels in order to protect the metal edging of expansion joints. This technical solution can be used on bridge structures with reinforced concrete and metal spans during construction, reconstruction and major repairs.
- Keywords: Bridge structures, life time, feasibility study, polymer concrete, expansion joint, seam zone, laboratory support.
- UDC: 625.7/.8
- File: Download
STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 10XCND BRIDGE STEEL SHEET PRODUCTS AFTER HEAT TREATMENT AND CONTROLLED ROLLING WITH ACCELERATED COOLING
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I.O. Bannykh – Doctor of Engineering, IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
V.M. Blinov – Doctor of Engineering, IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
G.A. Kunitsyn – Doctor of Engineering, Director of Innovation, JSC «Ural Steel», Novotroitsk, Russia
O.A. Bannykh – Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
E.I. Lukin – Ph. D. (Tech.), IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
D.V. Nizhelsky – Head of New Products Department, Ural Steel JSC, Novotroitsk, Russia
E.V. Blinov – Doctor of Engineering, IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
D.V. Prosvirnin – Ph. D. (Tech.), IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
I.V. Kovalko – Leading Specialist in Metal Science, JSC «Ural Steel», Novotroitsk, Russia
D.V. Chernenok – Research Engineer, IMET RAS, Moscow, Russia
N.G. Karkhanina – Chief Heat Treatment Specialist, JSC «Ural Steel», Novotroitsk, Russia
M.V. Goryunov – Chief Specialist in Rolling Production, JSC «Ural Steel», Novotroitsk, Russia - Abstract: The effect of heat treatment and controlled rolling with accelerated cooling on the structure and mechanical properties of hot-rolled 10XCND steel has been studied. It has been established that the rolled steel of this steel after heat treatment has a better combination of strength and viscosity for reliable operation of bridge structures in climatic temperatures compared with controlled rolling with accelerated cooling. It is shown that in a hot-rolled 10XCND steel sheet a structure consisting of granular perlite with dispersed carbide particles is formed during the process. In the sheet metal after controlled rolling with accelerated cooling it has been revealed the heterogeneity and presence of coarse-grained tempering perlite in the form of line inclusions located in the direction of rolling.
- Keywords: Structural steels, heat treatment, controlled rolling, accelerated cooling, chemical composition, structure, fatigue strength, dynamic crack resistance.
- UDC: 669.15-194.56
- File: Download
RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING PLASTIC WASTE IN ROAD INDUSTRY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
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S.V. Polyakova – Ph. D. (Tech.), FAI «ROSDORNII», Moscow, Russia
Yu.E. Vasiliev – Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia - Abstract: The concept of using recycled raw materials from various types of waste in the road industry is not new and is the most important way of resource saving. In world practice, alternative materials such as recycled asphalt pavement (RAP), waste tires, fly ash, glass waste, crushed concrete, etc. are increasingly being used for the construction of road pavements. The advantages associated with the usage of recycled materials include reducing the application of traditional road building materials, effective resource and energy saving, decreasing the amount of waste sent to landfills and associated environmental risks. This article reviews the research results in the field of using secondary polymer raw materials – plastic waste (PW) – in several areas: as a filler in asphalt concrete mixture, a modifier of bitumen binder and a reinforcing component of asphalt concrete. The main subject of study is recommendations for choosing priority areas of research and practical solutions. Technological difficulties in the preparation of bitumen modified by PW and asphalt concrete mixtures have been identified and further promising directions have been outlined for promoting accumulated research and rational use of PW.
- Keywords: Resource saving, plastic waste (PW), secondary polymer raw materials, asphalt concrete mixtures, physical and mechanical properties.
- UDC: 625.7/.8:658.567.1:678.5
- File: Download
METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF AN AUTOGAS REFUELING COMPLEX
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S.V. Gorbachev – Ph. D. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
S.A. Dergunov – Ph. D. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
D.A. Dryuchin – Ph. D. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
A.A. Filippov – Ph. D. (Tech.), Gazprom Pererabotka LLC - Abstract: The accumulated experience in the development of the natural gas vehicle (NGV) fuel market is considered. The processes and factors hindering the implementation of state program decisions to expand the scope of NGV fuel application, in particular, the infrastructure of gas filling stations are analyzed. In order to determine measures to improve the infrastructure of gas filling stations, the technologies of providing consumers with NGV fuel, methods of calculating the parameters of technological equipment and methods of determining the location of service facilities were analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of existing problems the purpose of scientific work is formulated – to increase the efficiency of automobile transport functioning on the basis of gas filling complex improvement. Accordingly to the revealed requirements to ensure territorial coverage of the network of automobile gas filling compression stations (AGNKS), a mathematical model has been created. The «Iterative-sequential approach to the construction of a network of AGNKS» has been developed, additional conditions to the algorithm have been determined, which as a whole constitutes a methodology for determining the structural parameters of the road automobile gas filling complex. As a result of the study, calculations have been made to determine the characteristics and locations of automobile gas filling compressor stations in the administrative districts of the Orenburg region adjacent to the Orenburg-Samara highway.
- Keywords: Natural gas vehicle (NGV) fuel, transport infrastructure, motor transport, car operation efficiency, filling stations, accessibility of filling stations, road network.
- UDC: 656.065.36:625.7/.8(470.56)
- File: Download