Collection "Roads and bridges" - Issue 50-2/2023



DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGULATIVE FRAMEWORK IN THE SPHERE OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

  • Head of the Department of Intelligent Transport Systems N.Yu. Toropov,
    Ph. D. (Tech.), Head of the Division of the Methodology 
    Development of Intelligent Transport Systems
    E.S. Fedoseenkova (FAI «ROSDORNII»)
    Contact information: Toropov@rosdornii.ru;
    FedoseenkovaES@rosdornii.ru

  • Abstract: The article deals with some problems related to terminology in the sphere of intelligent transport systems (ITS), concerning the development of the regulatory framework in terms of the use of dy-namic information boards and signs of variable information, as well as display of road signs on boards with changing information.
  • Keywords: Intelligent transport systems (ITS), street and road network, capacity, dynamic information boards, variable information sign, road user.
  • UDC: 656.1:006.05
  • File: Download

ROAD TESTING COMPLEX FOR ACCELERATED TESTING OF ROAD PAVEMENTS

  • Ph. D. (Tech.),
    Associate Professor A.S. Konorev,
    Ph. D. (Tech.) S.A. Mironchuk,
    Researcher E.A. Eremenko,
    Engineer M.N. Podgornov
    (FAI «ROSDORNII»)
    Contact information: konorev@rosdornii.ru

  • Abstract: The article presents the results of work on the crea-tion of a road testing complex of the Federal Au-tonomous Institution «ROSDORNII», intended for conducting accelerated tests of road pave-ments using the «CYKLOS» wheel load simula-tor. The functional and technical possibilities of the test facilities are considered, and the require-ments for minimum technical support are given.
  • Keywords: Accelerated testing of road pavements, road testing complex, monitoring sensors, «Cyclos» wheel load simulator.
  • UDC: 625.7
  • File: Download

ANALYSIS OF GEORADAR EQUIPMENT BASED ON THE RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE RESEARCHES

  • Doctor of Engineering,
    Professor A.M. Kulizhnikov,
    Ph. D. (Tech.) R.A. Eremin,
    Engineer N.G. Pudova
    (FAI «ROSDORNII»)
    Contact information: kulizhnikov@rosdornii.ru;
    r.eremin@rosdornii.ru;
    pudova@rosdornii.ru

  • Abstract: The article presents georadar equipment, which has been used when performing comparative research-es on the section of the M-12 «Moscow – Nizhny Novgorod – Kazan» highway. Five types of different georadar equipment have been used – from pulse georadar to georadar with a linearly variable frequency. The technical charac-teristics of georadar complexes are given, the re-search methodology is described. The results ob-tained by determining the thickness of the pave-ment structural layers and the identified weakened zones are presented. The assessment of the ad-vantages and disadvantages of each georadar complex is given.
  • Keywords: Georadar, antenna unit, methodology, comparative researches, frequency, thickness, weakened zone.
  • UDC: 625.8:550.8.053
  • File: Download

RESEARCH ON THE CAUSES OF ROAD PAVEMENT UNEVEN WEAR

  • Ph. D. (Tech.) N.A. Lushnikov
    (Russian University of Transport (MIIT)),
    Ph. D. (Tech.) P.A. Lushnikov
    (FAI «ROSDORNII»)
    Contact information: P.lushnikov@rosdornii.ru

  • Abstract: The article discusses the issues related to road pavement uneven wear. A model of the interaction of vehicle wheel with the road is presented, which makes possible to explain the occurrence of peri-odic fluctuations in the wear depth along the vehicle trajectory.
  • Keywords: Road pavement, road pavement wear, model of vehicle wheel-road interaction.
  • UDC: 625.089.11
  • File: Download

DEVELOPMENT OF A SPAN CONSTRUCTURE WITH MULTIPLE TRUSSES MADE OF GLASS COMPOSITES WITH A STEEL ORTHOTROPIC PLATE OF THE BRIDGE ROADWAY

  • Doctor of Technical Sciences,
    Professor V.A. Utkin,
    Postgraduate student V.V. Skiba
    (Siberian State Automobile
    and Highway University (SIBADI))
    Contact information: prof.utkin@mail.ru;
    viktoriya.skiba.97@mail.ru

  • Abstract: Currently, significant experimental and theoretical researches and practical works are being carried out in developed countries of the world aimed at introducing new structures in the construction of bridges using composites in the form of fiberglass reinforcement, profiles and decks. The Federal Road Agency of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, considering foreign experi-ence and domestic achievements, has developed the program for the introduction of composite ma-terials (composites), structures and products from them for 2015-2020. However, its implementation was lagging behind, especially in the field of road bridges. The key objective of the program was to create the most favorable conditions for the speedy and large-scale introduction and wide-spread use of modern and effective polymer com-posites, structures and products made of them in construction. Pedestrian bridges made of pultru-sion fiberglass profiles and decking have become the most widespread in our country. Their use has been successfully mastered on an experimental road bridge in the Novosibirsk region. The article proposes and describes a new construction of span made of fiberglass multiple lattice trusses and a steel orthotropic slab of bridge roadway included in joint work with them.
  • Keywords: Composite material, hybrid span, truss, slab, road bridge, fiberglass, composite profile.
  • UDC: 624:625.745.1
  • File: Download

BOX CAISSONS DURING THE CONTSRUCTION OF THE BRIDGE CROSSING PIERS

  • Graduate student A.V. Perfilov
    (Siberian State Automobile and
    Highway University (SibADI))
    Contact information: artyomperfilov@yandex.ru

  • Abstract: This article presents the main prerequisites for the application of box caissons during the piers con-struction of the bridge crossing over the Volga River as part of the international route «Europe – Western China». The technology and sequence of works concerning the installation of box caissons are described.
  • Keywords: Box caisson, bridge piers construction at great depths, bridge piers with a high grillage, water-crafts use.
  • UDC: 625.745.12
  • File: Download

LATERAL SOIL PRESSURE ON THE INTEGRAL ABUTMENT BRIDGES

  • Ph. D. (Tech.), Professor V.I. Popov
    (Moscow Automobile and Road
    Engineering State Technical University (MADI))
    Contact information: popov.viktor@gmail.com

  • Abstract: The article deals with the issues considering the lateral pressure of the embankment soil on the integral abutments bridges. It is shown that the available foreign methods do not fully reflect the actual work of the soil behind the integral abutments and lead to a significant spread of results. For bridges with integral abutments on flexible single-row piles, a method for determining lateral pressure is recommended, and for fully in-tegral bridges (portal bridges) it is proposed to use the formulas of the British manual BA 42/96.
  • Keywords: Integral abutment bridges, lateral soil pressure, portal bridges, integral abutments on flexible single-row piles, coefficient of lateral soil pressure.
  • UDC: 624.21
  • File: Download

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE USE OF GRAPH THEORY IN ASSESSING THE PRIORITY OF BRIDGE STRUCTURES REHABILITATION

  • Head of the sector, Graduate student
    K.A. Nurmuhametov,
    Deputy Minister, Associate Professor
    A.V. Chukin
    (Ministry of Transport and Roads of the
    Republic of Tatarstan; Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering),
    Ph. D. (Tech.), Associate Professor
    T.A. Zinnurov
    (Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering)
    Contact information: Karim.Nurmuhametov@tatar.ru

  • Abstract: The article analyzes the road activities planning algorithms as regards bridge structures that have been implemented in national and foreign practice. Recommendations for determining the priority of their rehabilitation are considered based on examples. By analyzing the impact of decisions on the connectivity of graph of the road network it is revealed the disadvantage of using existing approaches that do not take into account the interconnections between structures. Nevertheless, the relevance of using graph theory in bridge rehabilitation planning is proved and the tasks to be solved in this way are listed.
  • Keywords: Connectivity, road network, graph, bridge structures, bridges, load capacity.
  • UDC: 625.745.12:656.11:351.811.112.2
  • File: Download

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODELING PROCESS OF THE BRIDGE BURIED ABUTMENT CONE IN INDORCAD SYSTEM

  • Engineer, Assistant Professor N.A. Novikov
    (Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI)),
    Head of TIM Department I.V. Shchekanova,
    TIM coordinator M.S. Milovanov (LLC «Engineering Center «Bridges and Tunnels»),
    Graduate student Ya.A. Varnakov (Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI)),
    TIM-master A.S. Sokolyansky (LLC «Engineering Center «Bridges and Tunnels»)
    Contact information: kaman_job@inbox.ru;
    Liv.75.work@mail.ru;
    Milovanovms@gmail.com;
    yakov.varnakov@gmail.com;
    sokolyansky.artiom@yandex.ru

  • Abstract: The design of a bridge structure cone is fraught with a number of difficulties, both in the classical preparation of drawings and in the creation of a digital information model (DIM). The sequence, basic approaches and the process of designing bridge structure abutment cone are considered. Options for developing the DIM cone in existing bridge and road modeling software are presented. Computer-aided design (CAD) systems among the presented bridge software are extremely limited in their capabilities to design the abutment cone. The main advantages and disadvantages of cone modeling in the software package for design and modeling of roads – IndorCAD are shown. With greater automation of the object modeling process in IndorCAD, design time is reduced and workflow efficiency is increased. The pros and cons of the tools of the considered software complexes as well as the ways of cone model forming are given.
  • Keywords: Bridge structure cone, buried abutment, infor-mation modeling, design, automation, digital in-formation model (DIM), computer-aided design (CAD) systems, building information modeling (BIM).
  • UDC: 624.21:519.876.5:004.94
  • File: Download

CONSEQUENCES OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS ARISING FROM THE IMPACT OF OVERSIZED VEHICLES AND ANALYSIS OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR ELIMINATING DAMAGE OF PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE SPANS

  • Deputy Head of the Department for
    Road Operation K.E. Deryabin (Federal Road Agency),
    Ph. D. (Tech.),
    Deputy General Director N.V. Ilyushin,
    Deputy General Director N.Yu. Novak,
    Head of the Department for
    Calculation of Engineering Structures A.A. Gladkov
    (LLC «Masterskaya Mostov»),
    Engineer, Graduate student M.A. Akopyan
    (LLC «Masterskaya Mostov»,
    (Russian University of Transport (MIIT)),
    Doctor of Engineering, Professor G.A. Emelyanova
    (Russian University of Transport (MIIT))
    Contact information: NovakNYu@bk.ru

  • Abstract: The object of the study is the adopted design decisions aimed at eliminating emergency situations that arose when the spans of road overpasses were hit by oversized vehicles passing under them, as well as design decisions made during current repairs and major overhaul with a view to partial replacement of beams of bridge spans made according to outdated standard designs, including discontinued ones, or working drawings. The consequences of typical emergency cases are considered. The adopted design decisions regarding the replacement of the outer precast reinforced concrete beams of road bridges due to impact have been analyzed. A proposal and its design and theoretical justification for the option of replacing the outer reinforced concrete beams with steel-reinforced concrete ones are given.
  • Keywords: Road accidents, repair, reinforced concrete beams, steel-reinforced concrete beams, design, inspection.
  • UDC: 625.745.12
  • File: Download

ABOUT THE «ROAD TRAFFIC» SYSTEM

  • Doctor of Engineering,
    Professor V.D. Kondratiev
    (Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI))
    Contact information: k-051310@mail.ru

  • Abstract: The article is devoted to the issue of the need for a more in-depth consideration of the composition of the «Road Traffic» system, as well as the consistency of the functioning of its components when solving problems in the field of road safety.
  • Keywords: Road traffic, road user, road traffic accident, social risk, transport risk, system, subsystem, criterion, control subject, control object, model, factor.
  • UDC: 656.11
  • File: Download

ANALYSIS OF VISIBILITY DISTANCE OF OBSTACLES ON THE PAVEMENT OF PUBLIC ROADS OUTSIDE SETTLEMENTS

  • Graduate student, engineer D.S. Gumnenkov
    (Russian University of Transport (MIIT),
    FAI «ROSDORNII»)
    Contact information: gumnenkov@rosdornii.ru

  • Abstract: The article deals with the requirements for assigning the visibility distance of obstacles on the pavement of public roads outside settlements. The results of calculating the indicator under consideration using generally accepted methods, as well as its further comparison with standardized indicators are presented.
  • Keywords: Visibility distance, road safety, overtaking, reaction time, eye height, obstacle height, geometric elements, plan, longitudinal profile.
  • UDC: 625.72
  • File: Download

PECULIARITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SOFTWARE MODULE FOR ANALYSIS OF WIND LOAD ON A BRIDGE STRUCTURE FOR LAUNCHING SITUATIONAL MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS BY INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

  • Doctor of Engineering, Professor D.V. Efanov
    (Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU),
    Russian University of Transport (MIIT),
    Tashkent State Transport University (TSTU)),
    Master's student D.I. Mikhailyuk
    (Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU)),
    Contact information: TrES-4b@yandex.ru;
    dani.fame@yandex.ru

  • Abstract: The article proposes to expand the number of scenarios for traffic control using intelligent transport systems (ITS) due to information interfacing and transmission of signals to launch scenarios from an automated monitoring system for highway infrastructure facilities condition. For these purposes, it is proposed to process the monitoring data on an external secure analytics platform and transmit only the scenario launch signal to the ITS software tools. The simplest automatic model of information interfacing for monitoring and control systems is presented. A software module for analyzing wind load on a bridge structure to launch situational control scenarios by ITS has been developed. This module has been tested using archival data obtained from the servers of the monitoring system for engineering structures at the bridge crossing to the Russky Island across the Eastern Bosphorus Strait in Vladivostok city and has proved its performance.
  • Keywords: Intelligent transport system (ITS), system for automated monitoring of highway infrastructure facilities condition, monitoring system for engineering structures, structured system for monitoring and managing engineering systems, information interfacing of control and monitoring systems.
  • UDC: 681.518.5:656.1/.5:624.21
  • File: Download

RESEARCH OF ASPHALT CONCRETE PROPERTIES BASED ON BITUMINOUS BINDER MODIFIED WITH POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE WASTES

  • Senior Lecturer D.A. Vorobev,
    Ph. D. (Tech.),
    Associate Professor Yu.G. Borisenko,
    Doctor of Technical Sciences,
    Professor E.A. Chebotarev,
    Ph. D. (Tech.) A.A. Soldatov,
    Graduate student K.F.A. Shuhaib,
    Graduate student M.G. Yagubov
    (North-Caucasus Federal University (NCFU))
    Contact information: davorobev@ncfu.ru;
    borisenko2005@yandex.ru

  • Abstract: The results of experimental researches of asphalt concrete based on a bituminous binder modified with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes are presented. The positive influence of the PET-based modifier on the physical-mechanical and operational properties of asphalt concrete is shown. It is revealed that with an increase in the content of PET in the bituminous binder the deformability of asphalt concrete at low operating temperatures and deformation resistance at high operating temperatures are significantly improved. It has been established that the use of the proposed bituminous binders modified with PET provides an increase in the operational properties of asphalt concrete: shear resistance, crack resistance and thermal stability.
  • Keywords: Bitumen; modified bituminous binder; modification; polyethylene terephthalate; wastes; asphalt concrete; physical, mechanical and operational properties.
  • UDC: 665.775.4:625.85.06:625.752.1
  • File: Download

RESEARCH OF THE CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF SULFATE CORROSION WHEN APPLYING ROAD PAVEMENTS STRUCTURAL LAYERS

  • Ph. D. (Tech.),
    Associate Professor A.I. Trautvain
    (Belgorod State Technological University
    named after V.G. Shukhov (BGTU))
    Contact information: trautvain@bk.ru

  • Abstract: The article concerns the mechanism of occurrence and development of sulphate corrosion of cement stone, as well as its negative impact on the physical and mechanical characteristics of the pavement materials of the structural layers made with portland cement. In order to eliminate the possible premature destruction of pavement structural layers as a result of sulfate corrosion, it is necessary to conduct laboratory researches of the quality of the materials used, as well as the effectiveness of the use of various stabilizing additives. The applying of pavement base structural layers using stabilization and reinforcement technology allowing to increase the bearing capacity of materials of these layers and reduce their thickness is reported. The calculation has been carried out for a specific project with a limited budget. The task was set to provide options for reducing the construction cost. The possibility of obtaining a design of the developed composition with high physical and mechanical characteristics is justified by the experimental work results. When using the technology of strengthening and stabilizing the soil, it has been possible to reduce the thickness from 106 cm to 100 cm – according to the first option and up to 81 cm – according to the second option, which provides, in addition to the first option, stabilization and strengthening of the layer of crushed stone-sand mixtures. Moreover, the cost of 100 m2 of pavement construction for the first option decreased by 10 %, for the second – by 30 %.
  • Keywords: Stabilization, reinforcement, road pavement, structural layers, portland cement, operational reliability.
  • UDC: 625.84:691.3
  • File: Download

RESEARCH OF THE EFFICIENCY OF HYDROPHOBIC COMPOSITIONS FOR CEMENT CONCRETE ROAD PAVEMENTS

  • Master’s Degree V.A. Maksimov,
    Doctor of Engineering, Professor V.V. Ushakov
    (Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI))
    Contact information: Maksimov.Vadim.007@yandex.ru;
    madi-ushakov@mail.ru

  • Abstract: This article presents the results of a research on the influence of various hydrophobic compositions on water absorption and frost resistance of road concrete. The analysis of experimental researches has been carried out and the recommendations for choosing the most effective hydrophobic compositions are given.
  • Keywords: Roads, cement concrete pavements, hydrophobic compositions, frost resistance of concrete, water absorption of concrete.
  • UDC: 625.84
  • File: Download

STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF HYDRAULIC ROAD BINDERS IN SOIL STABILIZATION FOR ROAD STRUCTURES

  • Ph. D. (Economics),
    General Director E.N. Simchuk,
    Deputy Director,
    Head of RC K.A. Zhdanov,
    Expert for Standardization R.R. Zarifov
    (ANO «Scientific-Research Institute of the transport and construction complex (NII «TSK»)),
    Contact information: niitsk@niitsk.ru

  • Abstract: The article presents the results of studies on the use of hydraulic road binders (HRB) for soil stabilization in road construction. The properties and advantages of HRB, such as high strength and efficiency of soil stabilization, are analyzed. The main approaches to the normalization of HRB indicators are considered. The results of a study on the applicability of different HRB compositions in road construction are presented. The importance of the use of HRB for the effec-tive stabilization of soils is emphasized.
  • Keywords: Hydraulic road binders, soil stabilization, strength, bearing capacity.
  • UDC: 625.7/.8:624.138:006.3/.8
  • File: Download

UPDATING OF METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STONE MATERIALS

  • Ph. D. (in Economics),
    General Director E.N. Simchuk,
    Deputy Director, Head of RC
    K.A. Zhdanov,
    Head of Laboratory D.A. Sizov,
    Engineer A.E. Simchuk
    (ANO «Scientific-Research Institute of the transport and construction complex (NII «TSK»)),
    Contact information: niitsk@niitsk.ru

  • Abstract: The article discusses an approach to the use of sieves with square-shaped cells when determining the physical and mechanical properties of crushed stone in accordance with new interstate standards. The justification for the use of sieves with square cells is given, and their advantages compared to sieves with round cells are considered. The analysis of the strength physical and mechanical characteristics of crushed stone has been carried out. The substantiation for adjusting the requirements for the «crushability» index, which are standardized regardless of the rock genesis, is given.
  • Keywords: Crushed stone, technical requirements, physical and mechanical indicators, aggregate gradation, crushability, rock.
  • UDC: 625.7/.8:006.3/.8:006.354
  • File: Download

ANALYSIS OF FLY ASH MICROSTRUCTURE PECULIARITIES AND ITS UTILIZATION POTENTIAL USING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

  • Ph. D. (Tech.) S.V. Polyakova,
    (FAI «ROSDORNII»)
    Contact information: polyakovasv@rosdornii.ru

  • Abstract: In domestic practice fly ash (FA) is classified as ash and slag waste generated by burning coal at thermal power plants (TPPs). Its improper disposal is a problem for the environment and leads to de-pletion of renewable resources. In contrast to domestic practice, in foreign practice fly ash (fly ash, FA) is considered as an industrial by-product, characterized by stable properties, which greatly simplifies its practical use. In addi-tion, this product must comply with the current technical standards, radiation hygiene and sanitary and epidemiological safety requirements. Application of ash and slag, as a waste product of complex heterogeneous structure, in wide industri-al scale of road economy is restrained by a number of factors, including those related to insufficiently studied peculiarities of its microstructure and mechanism of structure formation of materials with its use. The paper pays attention to the description of the microstructure of FA, its physical and chemical properties, peculiarities and disadvantages of its application, its possible technological advantages, etc.
  • Keywords: Ash and slag wastes, industrial by-product, fly ash, coal fly ash, cenospheres, asphalt concrete mixtures, physical and mechanical properties, workability.
  • UDC: 625.7/.8:658.567.1
  • File: Download